Referendum en Alberta sur l’immigration et la réforme constitutionnelle.
Alberta Premier Danielle Smith announced that in the fall, Albertans will be asked to vote on a series of referendum questions focused on immigration policy and constitutional reform.
On Thursday, Feb. 19, during a TV Broadcast address, Smith said on Oct. 19, Albertans will be asked to vote on a series of questions aimed at giving the province greater control over immigration and strengthening its position within Canada.
“The changes we need to make to immigration are a significant departure from the status quo, and therefore, I am seeking a referendum mandate from Albertans to implement them,” she said.
Alberta’s fall referendum will ask voters about immigration and constitutional changes. Non-constitutional questions focus on controlling immigration levels, prioritizing economic migrants, restricting access to some social programs for non-permanent residents, and requiring proof of citizenship to vote. Constitutional questions would explore provincial authority over courts, federal programs, and the Senate.
Smith said Albertans identified these issues during the Alberta Next panels and in last year’s online submissions.
“The fact is, Alberta taxpayers can no longer be asked to continue to subsidize the entire country through equalization and federal transfers, permit the federal government to flood our borders with new arrivals, and then give free access to our most-generous-in-the-country social programs to anyone who moves here,” she said.
The announcement comes as the province faces fiscal pressure from a drop in oil prices and rapid population growth.
Smith said since she was sworn in as premier, she has seen the price of oil drop by around $30 a barrel from $90 USD. in 2022 to $60 USD. With higher oil prices, the province recorded significant surpluses, including an $11.6-billion surplus in 2023, which was used to build up the Heritage Fund and pay down provincial debt, Smith said.
Each $1 drop in the price of oil means roughly $750 million less in oil royalties for the province. The result – what had been an $11.6 billion surplus in 2023 at $90 oil, has turned into a large budget deficit at $60 oil,” Smith said. “This is not the first crash in oil prices our province has faced, nor will it be the last.”
While oil revenues have declined, Alberta’s population has grown rapidly. Smith said the province has added nearly 600,000 people over the past five years, bringing the population to more than five million.
She attributed much of that growth to federal immigration policies under former Prime Minister Justin Trudeau.
“Although sustainable immigration has always been an important part of our provincial growth model, throwing the doors wide open to anyone and everyone across the globe has flooded our classrooms, emergency rooms and social support systems with far too many people, far too quickly,” Smith said.
Smith emphasized that immigration has long played an important role in Alberta’s economic growth, but argued that current levels are unsustainable.
Smith outlined what she called a three-part strategy to address the province’s fiscal challenges.
The long-term plan centres on growing the Alberta Heritage Savings Trust Fund to $250 billion by 2050. The fund has grown from about $16 billion in 2021 to nearly $32 billion today.
In the medium term, Smith said Alberta aims to double oil and gas production and exports to more than eight million barrels per day by 2035.
“Alberta will double our pipeline capacity over the next 10 years, and our oil producers will grow and fill that pipe,” she said. “We will not permit Alberta’s and Canada’s most valuable resource deposit, worth almost $10 trillion, to remain in the ground to the detriment of millions of Canadians.”
In the short term, Smith ruled out “drastic cuts” to social services, saying approved wage increases for doctors, nurses and teachers will remain in place and help attract the needed professionals to the province.
Instead, the government will seek to restrain spending growth below the combined rate of inflation and population growth, cut bureaucracy, improve program efficiency and expand income testing for social programs.
“We will continue to limit overall government spending increases to below inflation and population growth, implement more income testing for social programs so they are more financially sustainable, and critically, we will address head on the challenge of out-of-control immigration levels that are overwhelming our core social services,” Smith said.
The referendum will ask voters whether they support Alberta taking increased control over immigration to reduce overall levels, prioritize economic migrants and give residents priority for new jobs.
Non-constitutional referendum questions:
- Do you support the Government of Alberta taking increased control over immigration for the purpose of decreasing immigration to more sustainable levels, prioritizing economic migration and ensuring Albertans have first priority to new employment opportunities?
- Do you support the Government of Alberta introducing a law mandating that only Canadian citizens, permanent residents and individuals with an Alberta approved immigration status will be eligible for provincially funded programs, such as health, education and other social services?
- Assuming that all citizens and permanent residents continue to qualify for social support programs as they do now, do you support the Government of Alberta introducing a law requiring all individuals with a non-permanent legal immigration status to be resident in Alberta for at least 12 months before qualifying for any provincially funded social support programs?
- Assuming that all citizens and permanent residents continue to qualify for public health care and education as they do now, do you support the Government of Alberta charging a reasonable fee or premium to individuals with a non-permanent immigration status living in Alberta for their and their family’s use of the healthcare and education systems?
- Do you support the Government of Alberta introducing a law requiring individuals to provide proof of citizenship, such as a passport, birth certificate, or citizenship card, to be eligible to vote in a provincial election?
Additionally, the referendum will also ask whether the government should work with other provinces to pursue constitutional changes.
Constitutional referendum questions:
- Do you support the Government of Alberta working with the governments of other willing provinces to amend the Canadian Constitution to have provincial governments, and not the federal government, select the justices appointed to provincial King’s Bench and Appeal courts?
- Do you support the Government of Alberta working with the governments of other willing provinces to amend the Canadian Constitution to abolish the unelected federal Senate?
- Do you support the Government of Alberta working with the governments of other willing provinces to amend the Canadian Constitution to allow provinces to opt out of federal programs that intrude on provincial jurisdiction, such as health care, education, and social services, without a province losing any of the associated federal funding for use in its social programs?
- Do you support the Government of Alberta working with the governments of other willing provinces to amend the Canadian Constitution to better protect provincial rights from federal interference by giving a province’s laws dealing with provincial or shared areas of constitutional jurisdiction priority over federal laws when the province’s laws and federal laws conflict?
Smith added that she is looking forward to creating an immigration policy that “puts the needs of Albertans first” and make “Alberta stronger and more sovereign within a united Canada.”
“I want you to know how confident I am in the judgment of Albertans on these and other delicate issues,” Smith said. “Although there are some politicians and commentators that fear direct democracy, such as referendums, I do not. I trust the judgment of Albertans.”